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供应链管理课件 第13章学习资料.ppt

发布：2025-04-14约5.89千字共22页下载文档
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Chapter13

TransportationintheSupplyChainSupplyChainManagement

(3rdEdition)

14-1

OutlineTheroleoftransportationinthesupplychainFactorsaffectingtransportationdecisionsModesoftransportationandtheirperformancecharacteristicsDesignoptionsforatransportationnetworkTrade-offsintransportationdesignTailoredtransportationRoutingandschedulingintransportationMakingtransportationdecisionsinpractice2

FactorsAffecting

TransportationDecisionsCarrier(partythatmovesortransportstheproduct)Vehicle-relatedcostFixedoperatingcostTrip-relatedcostShipper(partythatrequiresthemovementoftheproductbetweentwopointsinthesupplychain)TransportationcostInventorycostFacilitycost3

TransportationModesTrucksTLLTLRailAirPackageCarriersWaterPipeline4

Truckload(TL)Averagerevenuepertonmile(1996)=9.13centsAveragehaul=274milesAverageCapacity=42,000-50,000lb.LowfixedandvariablecostsMajorIssuesUtilizationConsistentserviceBackhauls5

LessThanTruckload(LTL)Averagerevenueperton-mile(1996)=25.08centsAveragehaul=646milesHigherfixedcosts(terminals)andlowvariablecostsMajorissues:LocationofconsolidationfacilitiesUtilizationVehicleroutingCustomerservice6

RailAveragerevenue/ton-mile(1996)=2.5centsAveragehaul=720milesAverageload=80tonsKeyissues:Schedulingtominimizedelays/improveserviceOff-trackdelays(atpickupanddeliveryend)YardoperationsVariabilityofdeliverytimes7

AirKeyissues:Location/numberofhubsLocationoffleetbases/crewbasesScheduleoptimizationFleetassignmentCrewschedulingYieldmanagement8

PackageCarriersCompanieslikeFedEx,UPS,USPS,thatcarrysmallpackagesrangingfromletterstoshipmentsofabout150poundsExpensiveRapidandreliabledeliverySmallandtime-sensitiveshipmentsPreferredmodefore-businesses(e.g.,Amazon,Dell,McMaster-Carr)Consolidationofshipments(especiallyimportantforpackagecarriersthatuseairasaprimarymethodoft

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