《内分泌系统疾病》15、内分泌系统疾病总论（中英双语）-教学课件（非AI生成）.pptx

ENDOCRINOLOGY

METABOLISM;ENDOCRINOLGY;THEENDOCRINESYSTEM;内分泌系统的结构与功能特点;内分泌腺和激素分泌细胞;PinealGland;弥散性神经-内分泌细胞系统;AutonomicControlCenters

intheBrain;Hypothalamus-PituitaryAxis;组织的激素分泌细胞;激素分泌细胞的结构特点;激素;CLASSIFICATION(structural)

PeptidesConsistofatleast3aminoacids.

AminesDerivedfromsingleaminoacids.

SteroidsDerivedfromcholesterol.

EicosanoidsDerivedfromarachidonicacid

;HORMONE;Adrenal(suprarenal)

Cortex(endocrine)

Mineralocorticoids(aldosterone)

Glucocorticoids(cortisone)

Gonadocorticoids(testosterone,estrogens)

Medulla(neurosecretory)

Catecholamines(epinephrine[adrenaline])

Pancreas(Pancreaticislets[ofLangerhans])

Alphacells(A)Glucagon

Betacells(B)Insulin

Deltacells(D)Somatostatin

PPcells(F)Pancreaticpolypeptide

OvariesEstrogens,Progesterone

TestisTestosterone,Inhibin

PlacentaHumanchorionicgonadotropin(HCG)

Estrogens,Progesterone,Placentallactogen

GI(gastrointestinal)Mucosa

Gastrin,Secretin,Pancreaticpolypeptide

Enteroglucagon,Histamine,5-HT,Somatostatin

Gastricinhibitorypolypeptide(GIP)

Vasoactiveintestinalpeptide(VIP)

Cholecystokinin,Neurotensin,Ghrelin,Motilin

HeartAtrialnatriuretichormone(ANH)

KidneyErythropoietin(EPO),Cacitriol

PinealMelatonin

AdiposetissuesLeptin,Resistin

OtherVitaminD3,Prostaglandin

More…;STORAGE

Peptides:Storedasprecursorsinsecretorygranules

Thyroxin:Storedinextracellularglandfollicles

Otheramines:Storedinintracellulargranules

Steriods:Releaseimmediatelyaftersynthesizedandstoredinbloodbindingtoplasmaproteins;激素的分泌方式;TRANSPORT

Hydrophilichormones

Catecholaminesandpeptidescanbedissolvedandcirculatefreelyinbloodandinterstitialfluid.

Hydrophobichormones

Steroidsandthyroidhormonemustbindtotransportproteinsfortransport.

Boundhormone–Bindingformcanprolonghalf-lifetoweeksandbeprotectedfromenzymesandkidneyfiltration

Unboundhormo