《内分泌系统疾病》7、下丘脑、垂体的内分泌功能（中英双语）-教学课件（非AI生成）.ppt

EffectonsexualorgansInwomen,PRLcombinedwithPRLreceptorsingranulosacellsstimulatesproductionofLHreceptors.ThroughLHreceptors,LHpromotesovulationandthenformationofcorpusluteum.(permissiveeffect)Inmale,PRLpromotesgrowthofprostateglandsandseminalvesicle,enhancingtheeffectofLHontheinterstitialcellsproducingtestosterone.*RegulationofPRLsecretion

Hypothalamichormonesandfeedbackmechanism+increasethesecretion;-inhibitthesecretionHypothalamus:Anteriorpituitary:++-PRFPIFProlactin*HypothalamichormonesandfeedbackmechanismSucking,tactilestimulationAfferentnerve(somaticnerve)CentersincludingspinalcordandhypothalamusPRFsecretionOxytocinsecretionPRLsecretionMyoepithelialcellscontractionofmammaryglandsMilkproductionincreaseMilkflows*PROLACTINSECRETION***MelanophoreStimulatingHormoneMSHMelanocyteMelaninTyrosine*3.SynthesisandReleaseofVasopressin(VP)andOxytocin(OXT)

Cellsinneurohypophysisdonotsynthesizehormonesbutactsimplyassupportingstructurefornervefibers.*Vasopressin(VP),alsocalledADH,andoxytocin(OXT)areinitiallysynthesizedinthecellbodiesofthesupraopticandparaventricuarnucleiofhypothalamusandaretransporteddowntothenerveendingsintheneurohypophysisbyhypothalamichypophysealtract.*Whennerveimpulsesaretransmitteddownwardalongthefibersfromnuclei,thehormoneisimmediatelyreleasedfromsecretarygranulesinthenerveendingsbyexocytosisandisabsorbedintoadjacentcapillaries.*RolesofADH

Antidiureticeffect(refertochapter8).)Pressureeffect.HighconcentrationofADHhaveapotenteffectofconstrictingthearterioleseverywhereinthebody,raisetheresistancebloodflowandbloodpressure.*VasopressinReceptorAntidiuretichormoneV2-receptor:collectingductVasopressorhormoneV1-receptor:vascularsmoothmuscle*RegulationofADHrelease*Roleo