新英汉翻译课件教程 Chapter 8 语态转换译法.ppt

CHAPTER EIGHT Translation of Passive Voice 语态转换译法指主动语态和被动语态的互译，即把英语的被动语态的句子转译成汉语的主动语态的句子, 或把英语的主动语态的句子转译成汉语的被动语态的句子, 使译文显得地道自然，符合汉语习惯。语态转换译法是一种十分常见的翻译方法和技巧。 8. 1 顺译法 (Translation in Original Order)  既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 8. 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A. 译成 “被” 字句 所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被”字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被”字以引起读者的注意。 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】 维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。 例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。 例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! (Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre) 【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B. 译成 “挨” 字句 “挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句子。 例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C. 译成 “叫、让、由、受、遭到、受到、予、予以、加、加以、引以、为……所、经……所” 等字句，用以加强说话、表达语气。 例1：You have been wetted in the rain. 【译文】你叫雨淋湿了。 例2：The γ-rays are not affected by an electric field. 【译文】γ射线不受电场影响。 例3：A lot of houses and buildings, roads and bridges were damaged in the seaquake. 【译文】许多房屋建筑、道路桥梁在这次海啸中遭到破坏。 例4：It must be dealt with at the appropriate time with appropriate means. 【译文】这件事必须在适当的时候用适当的手段予以处理。 课堂互动1： 翻译句子, 顺译成被动句  1．Those who perform deeds of merit will be rewarded. 2．Translation technique should be paid enough attention to. 3．The temperature of the earth is determined by the amount of solar heat which the atmosphere can keep. 4．His father was killed before liberation. 5．With a true democratic system, he said, Egypt would not have been defeated by Israel in 1967. 译文欣赏 1. 立功的人将受到奖励。 2. 翻译技巧应予以足够的重视。 3. 地球的