the ascorbate-glutathione-α-tocopherol triad in abiotic stress response在非生物压力反应ascorbate-glutathione-α-tocopherol三和弦.pdf

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 4458-4483; doi:10.3390/ijm OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422–0067 /journal/ijms Review The Ascorbate-glutathione-α-tocopherol Triad in Abiotic Stress Response András Szarka 1,*, Bálint Tomasskovics 1 and Gábor Bánhegyi 2 1 Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Szent Gellért tér 4, Budapest, Hungary; E-Mail: tomasskovics@mail.bme.hu 2 Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry Pathobiochemistry, Research Group of Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1444 Budapest, POB 260, Hungary; E-Mail: gabor.banhegyi@eok.sote.hu * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: szarka@mail.bme.hu; Tel.: +36-1-463-3858; Fax: +36-1-463-3855. Received: 25 February 2012; in revised form: 22 March 2012 / Accepted: 26 March 2012 / Published: 10 April 2012 Abstract: The life of any living organism can be defined as a hurdle due to different kind of stresses. As with all living organisms, plants are exposed to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and chemical toxicity. These primary stresses are often interconnected, and lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, which are highly reactive and toxic and cause damage to prote