5名词性从句.ppt

引导名词从句的连接词： 1.连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等 2.连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 3.连词 : 1）是否：whether/if 2）that：在从句中不充当任何成分，没有任何含义；一般不能省略，除了宾语从句中的第一个。 一.Object clause( 宾语从句) 1)老师教导我们要志向崇高。 The teacher taught us that we should aim high. 2)你是否能成功将取决于你做什么和怎么做。 Your success will depend on what you do and how you do it. 3)他是否能来帮助我们，我感到怀疑。 I doubt whether / if he will come to our help. 4) Whether he will accept your offer, I don’t know.(不用if) 三.Subject clause(主语从句) 1.人生最重要的并非金钱。 What is the most important in life isn’t money. 2.凡是想看这部电影的人可免费得到一张票。 Whoever wants to see the film may get a free ticket. 3. That the earth is round is known to all. ---It is known to all that the earth is round. 4.That you missed the chance is a pity. ----It is a pity that … that 无意义, 后接一个完整的句子. 注意点一: 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1.同位语从句意思完整,that引导,不完整时,用whether, when,where,how…来引导. (1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连接词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 (2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。 他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. （第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的. 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） 注意点二: what 与that 在引导名词性从句时的区别what 引导名词性从句时在从句中1）充当句子成分（主、宾、表）；2）本身有词义。而that 1）只起连接作用；2）本身没有词义；3）不在从句中担任成分。1) _______ you said yesterday is right. (=All that you …)2) ______ she is still alive is a puzzle. 注意点三:用whether 不用if 在宾语从句中，if和whether通常可以互换使用.但在 1)连接词紧挨着or not 时,用 whether. I don’t know whether or not he will come. 2)主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句若需表达“是否”，只能用连词whether，不能用if。 3)介词宾语从句只能用whether，不用if。 4)whether to do… He hasn’t decided whether to go . 5)discuss+ whether从句 3.除了他来自南方之外,我们对他一无所知. We know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 4.他病倒了使我们很担心. That he had fallen ill made us worried. 连接词that 不能省略的情况: 1) and连接两个宾语从句,that 引导的宾语从句放在and后时不能省略. 2)that 引导的宾语从句作介词but/except的宾语时. 3)that 引导主语从句,表语从句,同