the hepatitis c virus glycan shield and evasion of the humoral immune response丙型肝炎病毒多糖盾牌和逃税的体液免疫反应.pdf

Viruses 2011, 3, 1909-1932; doi:10.3390/v3101909 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review The Hepatitis C Virus Glycan Shield and Evasion of the Humoral Immune Response François Helle 1,*, Gilles Duverlie 1,2 and Jean Dubuisson 3 1 Laboratory of Virology, EA4294, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens 80000, France; E-Mail: gilles.duverlie@u-picardie.fr 2 Virology Department, Amiens University Hospital Center, South Hospital, Amiens 80000, France 3 Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59021, France; E-Mail: jean.dubuisson@ibl.fr * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: francois.helle@u-picardie.fr; Tel.: +33-322-827-925; Fax: +33-322-827-928. Received: 27 July 2011; in revised form: 28 September 2011 / Accepted: 1 October 2011 / Published: 14 October 2011 Abstract: Despite the induction of effective immune responses, 80% of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals progress from acute to chronic hepatitis. In contrast to the cellular immune response, the role of the humoral immune response in HCV clearance is still subject to debate. Indeed, HCV escapes neutralizing antibodies in chronically infected patients and reinfection has been described in human and chimpanzee. Studies of antibody-mediated HCV neutralization have long been hampered by the lack of cell-culture-derived virus and the absence