无主句翻译技巧PPT.ppt
无主句翻译技巧无主句的特点在汉语中,只有谓语部分而没有主语部分的句子叫做无主句。这里所谓的无主句,并不是省略了主语的句子,而是在汉语习惯上就这么讲、这么写。至于其主语到底是什么,往往很难确定。但是这种句子在任何语言环境下都能表达完整明确的意思,如:“房子前面有一棵树,树下拴着一头老牛”,“刮风了,要下雨了”,“要吃什么,尽管跟我说”等等。无主句的翻译方法01添加适当的代词或名词充当主语02用“it”充当主语03采用英语的被动结构译出04采用“Therebe”结构译出05汉语祈使句译成英语祈使句06将非主语成分转为主语:addingsubjects松下问童子,言师采药去。只在此山中,云深不知处。(我)松下问童子,(童子)言师采药去。(师傅)只在此山中,云深(童子)不知处。010302FailingtoMeetaHermtIaskedtheboybeneaththepines.Hesaid,Themastersgonealone,Herb-pickingsomewhereonthemount.Cloud-hidden,whereaboutsunknown.
——林语堂山重水复疑无路,柳暗花明又一村。hereisapoemfromtheSouthernSongDynastythatreads:Afterendlessmountainsandriversthatleavedoubtwhetherthereisapathout,suddenlyoneencounterstheshadeofawillow,brightflowersandalovelyvillage.“——HillaryClintonlogo生当做人杰,死亦为鬼雄。Weshouldliveasanoutstandingperson,anddieasanoutstandingghost.01040203ManofmenSoulofsoulsNBA全明星赛starofstarsCellphoneofcellphones单of复表示的是这个【复数所指的东西】中最好的十点钟了,他还没有回来。Itstenoclocknow.Hedidntreturnhomeyet.不是因为不存在问题,而是因为看不见问题。Itisnotthattheproblemisnotthere;itisjustnotvisible.:Usingtheemptysubject“it”010302要成功,就要付出劳动。Itwillcostone/youalotofefforttosucceedinanything.青天白日点灯笼—白费蜡。Itisnotnecessarytolightacandletothesun.必须保证产品质量。Thequalityofproductmustbeguaranteed.去年发现了一种稀有元素。Arareelementwasfoundlastyear.:TranslatingintoEnglishpassivesentences01Thefigureofahunterwasprintedonthecover.封面上印着一个猎人的像。02Lifecannotbeunderstoodwithoutmuchcharity.没有爱心,就无法了解人生。.TranslatingintoEnglish“Therebe”structure1没有顺利,无所谓困难;没有困难,也无所谓顺利。2Withoutfacility,therewouldbenodifficulty;withoutdifficulty,therewouldalsobenofacility.3Withoutfacility,therewouldbenodifficulty,andviceversa.(省略)4不努力就不会成功。Thereisnosuccesswithouteffort.5⑤.TranslatingintoEnglishimperativesentences此处不准抽烟!Nosmoking!中华人民共和国万岁Long