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第三章 词的翻译 第3节第4节详解.ppt

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There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic construction—to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure clearness. Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader. 从例7、8、9可见,英语中有些动词或动作名词,译成汉语时常需增加一些表示行为、动作的动量词。又如:have a rest 休息一下; make a stop停一下. 蓝蓝的天上漂浮着朵朵白云。 如果没有人帮忙, 你能应付的了吗? 我认为, 中国的改革方式比别国的改革方式更富有特色、更卓有成效。 一般说来, 金属都是良好的导体,其中以银为最好,铜次之。 5. 不要三心二意。 6. 他满脸皱纹,皮肤黝黑,头发灰白稀疏。 7. 这事儿我该怎么办才好?——你想怎么办,就怎么办。 8. 他感到一种爱国热情在心中荡漾。 1). A book is useful. 书(是)有用(的)。 2). The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕太阳转。 3). On Sundays we have no school. 礼拜天我们不上课。 5). I have received your letter and read it with delight. 我收到了你的信,愉快地读了。 6)有条件要上;没有条件,创造条件也要上。 When conditions exist, go ahead; when they don’t, create them and go ahead. He looked gloomy and troubled. (表并列)  他看上去有些忧愁不安。 2). As the temperature increase, the volume of water becomes greater. (表原因) 温度升高,水的体积就增大。 3). A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。(省略表示类别的不定冠词A) 4). The girl standing at the window is his girlfriend. 站在窗口的(那个)女孩是他女朋友。 此句中girl后有定语,汉译时定冠词The 可省也可保留。) 5). Milk is sold by the pound. 牛奶按磅计价。(牛奶是 论磅卖。) [] 当然,有些场合,冠词是不能省略的。比如不定冠词a 或an 表示数量“一”时,定冠词the 表示“这”或“那”时,均不能省略。 6). He left without a word. 他一句话不说就走了。 7). The children are of an age. 这些孩子都是同岁的。 [] all too often 时常 4). He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech. 他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。 5). Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. (compare this with S1) 读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理使人庄重,逻辑修辞使人善辩。 * By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to the original. 3.3 Amplification (增译法)
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