大学物理同步训练第10讲气体动理论.pdf

鍚屾璁粌绛旀 绗崄绔 姘斾綋鍔ㄧ悊璁 璁哥収閿 绗叓绔 姘斾綋鍔ㄧ悊璁 涓€銆侀€夋嫨棰 1. 涓€瀹氶噺鐨勬阿姘旓紙瑙嗕负鍒氭€у垎瀛愮殑鐞嗘兂姘斾綋锛夛紝鑻ユ俯搴︽瘡鍗囬珮1 K锛屽叾鍐呰兘澧炲姞20.8 J 锛屽垯 璇ユ阿姘旂殑璐ㄩ噺涓猴紙鏅€傛皵浣撳父閲忦€亝 = 8.31 J 鈭 mol鈭? 鈭 K鈭? 锛 锛圓 锛?.0 脳 10鈭? kg 锛圔 锛?.0 脳 10鈭? kg 锛圕 锛?.0 脳 10鈭? kg 锛圖 锛?.0 脳 10鈭? kg 绛旀锛欱 鍒嗘瀽锛氬唴鑳藉叕寮忦€伂 = 饊崅 鈭 饊倞饊伖饊伝鈦勴繍 锛堝紡涓€寛涓虹墿璐ㄧ殑閲忥紝饊仏涓鸿嚜鐢卞害锛涚墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓彲鐢辨皵浣撹川閲忓拰姘 浣撴懇灏旇川閲忕畻鍑猴紝甯歌姘斾綋姘㈡皵2 g 鈭 mol鈭? 銆佹唉姘 4 g 鈭 mol鈭? 銆佹爱姘?8 g 鈭 mol鈭? 銆佹哀姘 32 g 鈭 mol鈭? 銆佺敳鐑?6 g 鈭 mol鈭? 銆佹按钂告皵18 g 鈭 mol鈭? 锛涘崟鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鍗虫儼鎬ф皵浣撹嚜鐢卞害饊仏 = 3锛 鍙屽師瀛愬垎瀛愷€仏 = 5锛屽鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙濡傜敳鐑枫€佹按钂告皵饊仏 = 6 锛夈€傜敱棰樺彲寰椻垎饊€ = 饊寛 鈭 5饊亝鈭嗮€亣鈦?锛屼唬鍏ュ彲 寰楃墿璐ㄧ殑閲忦€寛 = 2 脳 20.8鈦?5 脳 8.31) 鈮 1 mol锛屾晠璐ㄩ噺涓? g锛屽嵆B 閫夐」銆 2. 鏈変竴鐡惰川閲忎负m 鐨勬阿姘旓紙瑙嗕綔鍒氭€у弻鍘熷瓙鍒嗗瓙鐨勭悊鎯虫皵浣擄級锛屾俯搴︿负T锛屽垯姘㈠垎瀛愮殑骞冲潎 鍔ㄨ兘涓 锛圓 锛?饊仒饊亣鈦? 锛圔 锛?饊仒饊亣鈦? 锛圕 锛?饊亝饊亣鈦? 锛圖 锛?饊亝饊亣鈦? 绛旀锛欱 虆 鈦 鍒嗘瀽锛氭皵浣撳垎瀛愮殑骞冲潎鍔ㄨ兘涓吼€尯 = 饊倞饊倢饊伝 砜 锛堝紡涓璱 涓烘皵浣撳垎瀛愯嚜鐢卞害锛岃閫夋嫨棰?锛夈€ 3. 鏈変袱鐡舵皵浣擄紝涓€鐡舵槸姘︽皵锛屽彟涓€鐡舵槸姘㈡皵锛堝潎瑙嗕负鍒氭€у垎瀛愮悊鎯虫皵浣擄級锛岃嫢瀹冧滑鐨勫帇寮恒€ 浣撶Н銆佹俯搴﹀潎鐩稿悓锛屽垯姘㈡皵鐨勫唴鑳芥槸姘︽皵鐨 锛圓 锛?/2 鍊 锛圔 锛?/3 鍊 锛圕 锛?/3 鍊 锛圖 锛? 鍊 绛旀锛欳 鍒嗘瀽锛氱敱鐗╂€佹柟绋嬸€倯饊伣 = 饊崅饊伖饊伝鍙煡涓ょ摱姘斾綋鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忦€寛鐩稿悓銆傜敱鍐呰兘鍏紡锛堣閫夋嫨棰?锛夊彲 寰 饊€葛€€? 肀 鈭 5饊亝饊亣鈦? 5 = = 饊€葛€€火€亽 肀 鈭 3饊亝饊亣鈦? 3 4. A 銆丅 銆丆 3 涓鍣ㄤ腑鐨嗚鏈夌悊鎯虫皵浣擄紝瀹冧滑鐨勫垎瀛愭暟瀵嗗害涔嬫瘮涓喉睕戆 : 肀涰暗 : 肀涰岸 = 4: 2: 1锛岃€屽垎 瀛愮殑骞冲潎骞冲姩鍔ㄨ兘涔嬫瘮涓喉堡虆戆 : 肀ぬ呿暗 : 肀ぬ呿岸 = 1: 2: 4锛屽垯瀹冧滑鐨勫帇寮轰箣姣旔€仢戆 : 饊仢戆 : 饊仢戆 涓 1 / 6 鍚屾璁粌绛旀 绗崄绔 姘斾綋鍔ㄧ悊璁 璁哥収閿 锛圓 锛?: 1: 1 锛圔 锛?: 2: 2 锛圕 锛?: 2: 3 锛圖 锛?: 2: 4 绛旀锛欰 虆 鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙浠讳綍锛夌悊鎯虫皵浣撶殑骞冲潎骞冲姩鍔ㄨ兘涓喉矘 = 砜戰€倢饊伝/砜愶紝鐢卞帇寮哄叕寮忦€倯 = 饊倧饊倢饊伝鍙緱