Conversion词类转换答.doc

Conversion词类转换 1.The best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, because our constant companions and comforters.最好的书蕴藏着金玉般的良言和闪闪发光的思想，将它们铭记在心、珍藏于心，这些良言和思想就会与我们朝夕相伴，使我们时时得到慰籍。 2.An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative, with a relative absence of government involvement. 以自由企业为基础的经济体制，其普遍特性就是私有制和个人创新精神，政府的介入相对很少。 ? 一、转译成动词（一）名词转译成动词 1．由动词派生的名词转译成动词。 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness. 在中国，人们非常注重讲礼貌。2．含有动作意味的名词往往可以转译成动词。 A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation. 仔细研究原文，你会翻译得更好。 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。 英语中有些加后缀-er的名词， He is a better singer than his sister. 他唱得好。 Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials. 那些小工厂还在极大的消耗和浪费原材料。 4．有些短语中作为中心主体词的名词往往可转译成动词，如To have a rest 和To have a good look at 里的rest 和look. You must be tired. Why don’t you take a rest? 你一定很累了，为什么不休息一会呢？ The car braked sharply, coming to rest on the edge of the cliff. 汽车猛的刹住，停在悬崖边上。（二）形容词转译成动词 I am anxious about his health. 我担心他的身体健康。 Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible. 科学家们都深信，所有的物质都是不灭的。 常见的有： 与思维和知觉相关的形容词：aware, conscious, certain, sure, mindful, ignorant, alert等； 与情感相关的形容词：glad, pleased, cautious, careful, angry, happy, exhilarated, excited, confident, thankful, grateful, concerned, eager, afraid, doubtful, sorry等； 与欲望相关的形容词：desirous, hopeful, anxious, keen, enthusiastic, zealous等。 （三）副词转译成动词 She opened the window to let fresh air in. 她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。 After careful investigation they found the design behind. 经过仔细研究之后，他们发现这个设计落后了。 ?EThey are waiting for a sight of the queen passing by.他们在等候观看女王经过那儿。 For students of composition, an awareness that rhetorical patterns differ form one culture to another culture can help them become more quickly profic