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形容词副词用法总结.doc

发布:2017-01-03约1.01万字共6页下载文档
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形容词和副词  一 形容词的基本用法:   形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词,在句中用作定语、表语、补语和状语。  1. 作定语,就是放在名词前面的成分。     This is a new house. John is a clever boy.  2. 作表语,就是放在系动词后面的成分。     The boy is very clever. He is very strong. 3. 作补语,就是放在句子最后,起补充说明的成分。     The room is found empty.(主语补足语)     The news made her happy.(宾语补足语) 4. 作其它成分,如状语, 5.当几个形容词共同修饰同一名词时,它们的先后顺序是:限定词→数词→描述性形容词→大小、长短、形状的形容词→色彩形容词→类属形容词→表材料形容词+被修饰的名词;或只记住限定词像a, the, my, their等词在最前边,其它词根据它们与被修饰名词关系的远近进行安排。 6. 一般来说,单个副词修饰形容词时,副词放在形容词前;但enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词之后。 good enough,tall enough 7. 形容词修饰名词时放在前边,但修饰复合不定代词(something,someone,somebody;anything,anyone,anybody;nothing,no one,nobody)时,则放在这些词之后 something important,anything possible。 二 副词的基本用法:   副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问等概念。 1. 作状语:     The students watch him quietly. (修饰动词) 2. 作表语:     Time is up. Let’s go.  (表示状态) 3. 作定语:     Life there is very dull. (一般后置)  4. 修饰形容词或副词,表示程度:     His invention is very useful. (修饰形容词)     Henry sings quite well.    (修饰副词) 5. 副词作状语时,位置很灵活:     He walks slowly.    (动词后)     I often swim in summer.(动词前)     Maybe you are right.  (句首)       That’s all right.   (形容词前)     Tom speaks too quickly.(副词前) 6. 副词表示频度,修饰动词时位于系动词be和助动词后,行为动词do之前,还可置于句首或句末。例如:     He usually goes to school early.     I am always with you.   7. 有些副词的形式与形容词相同,如high,fast等:     Put the book back on the shelf.(副词)     It is our back door.      (形容词) 8. 有许多副词是形容词加上后缀ly 构成的,如carefully,happily等,但如果是名词加ly, 构成的则是形容词,如friendly,lovely等。 9.兼有两种形式的副词。如: close与closely:close意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地” 。a. He is sitting close to me. b. Watch him closely. late 与lately:late意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”。a. You have come too late. b. What have you been doing lately? deep与deeply:deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。a. He pushed the stick deep into the mud. b. Father was deeply moved by the film. high与highly:high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。 a. The plane was flying high. b. I think highly of you. wide与widely: wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地、在许多地方”。 He opened the door wide b. English is widely
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