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《形容词和副词的用法.doc

发布:2017-01-12约字共10页下载文档
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形容词和副词的用法 一、形容词 1、形容词可分为两大类:描绘形容词和限定形容词。描绘形容词是描写人或物的颜色、尺寸、形状、性质、状态等的形容词。限定形容词用于限定被修饰词的数量、距离、所有关系等。除了these和those外,形容词的单数与复数形式相同。 描绘形容词 Beautiful, large, red, interesting,? colourful important 限 定 形 容 词 基数词? ??(one,two)????????? 序数词??? (first,second) 物主代词? (my,your)????????? 指示代词? (this,that,these) 数量词? ??(few,many)????????? 冠 词?? (a, an, the) 2、形容词的位置 ?修饰语一般应置于被修饰语之前,但当几个形容词修饰同一名词时,其排列顺序一般如下: 形容词型代词→ 数量词→ 描 绘 形 容词 all both the,a(n) this,that first one 性 质 尺寸 形状 新旧 温度 颜 色 国 籍 材 料 good large cold red Chinese iron such Your,some, many second two Fine small hot blue English stone Example: that strong young Chinese swimmer 注意:形容词前有as, so, no, too, how等词时,不定冠词应置于形容词之后。 ????? She is too kind a girl to refuse. 在下列情况下,修饰语应置于被修饰的名词后: (1)名词之后的数量词+名词+old, long, wide等。 ???? a boy six years old,? a street two kilometers long (2)为了加强语气或音调美,将描绘形容词置于名词之后。 ???? He had a face thin and worn, but eager and resolute. (3)something, anything,everyone, anybody…+形容词。 ???? There′s nothing wrong with the electric cooker. (4)作定语用的分词或形容词短语 ???? The judge has talked to all the people involved. 3、“数词+名词”构成的形容词 ? (1)数词+名词,如 a two-week tour, a tenreport等。 ? (2)数词+名词+形容词,如 a seven-year-old boy等。 ? (3)名词(无冠词)+基数词=the+序数词+名词,如 Unite 6=the Sixth Unite ? (4)“数量词+复数名词”作主语,虽然是复数形式,但仍然用单数动词,作为一个单位来表示。如果强调个别数,则须用复数动词。 ???? Ten years is quite a long time to him. ??? ?Two months have passed since I last heard from my parents. 二、副词 ?1、副词的构成如下: ? (1)本身就是副词,如very, now, there, quite等. ? (2)有形容词后缀如-ly, 如happily, carefully等。 ? (3)有些副词与形容词同行,如early, high, long, fast, hard等。 ?注意:有些-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词,如manly, friendly, queenly等。 2、副词的位置 ?(1)修饰形容词和副词时,须放在被修饰词之前,如 ?? The scenery around here is very beautiful. ?(2)always, never, often, sometimes, ususlly等表示频率的副词在一般动词前,be动词后,有助动词时,在助动词和动词之间。 ?? He usually gets up early, but he got up late today. ?? I have never met him and I hope I will never meet him. ?(3)有两个以上不同种类的副词作修饰语时,其顺序为地点(小地点+大地点)→状态→次数→时间(单位小的时间+单位大的时间)。 ?? They arrived in Paris safely the other day. ? (4)se
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