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初中英语简单句基本句型.doc

发布:2017-05-19约4.16千字共4页下载文档
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初中英语简单句的基本句型句子的种类 根据结构划分: ① 简单句:(5种基本句型) 主+谓 主+谓+宾 主+系+ 主+谓+双宾(间宾+直宾) 主+谓+宾+宾补 ②并列句 and, but, or ③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同) 副词从句(状语从句) 形容词从句(定语从句) (二) 根据功能划分:陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句,疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句等) 【句型一】 主语 + 谓语(不及物动词) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词等等。主语一般在句首。 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。 不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语。   His father cooks.   The children are listening quietly.   He runs fast in the street.   The meeting begins at nine. They worked day and night. I lived in Beijing five years ago. 【句型二】   主语 + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语 必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者 He didn’t like the film.   She often helps him.   I have already finished reading the book.   They decided to go hiking. He thought about the problem for a few moments. Who knows the answer? 【句型三】主 + 系 + 表连系动词主要是起到连系主语和表语的作用。可分四类:1. 表 “是 ” 如 be “是”(am, is, are, was, were) 2.感官动词 如:look看起来 feel感,sound听起来,smell闻起来,taste尝起来 3. 五变 如:get变得, turn变得, grow变得,go变得, become成为 4. 表 “保持” 如:keep保持, stay保持 作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词等 Your watch looks very nice.   The mooncake tastes very delicious.   The days get shorter an shorter. In spring, the trees turn green. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinner smells good. He is growing tall and strong. 【句型四】 主+谓+双宾(间宾+直宾) 有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 这两个宾语通常一个指人 (间接宾语); 一个指物 (直接宾语) eg:give / pass / bring/ take / show/ buysth. Give me a cup of tea please. Pass our English teacher the book. Bring it to me, please. Show this house to Mr. Smith. She ordered herself a new dress. He brought you a dictionary. Please give me a few apples. I’ll show you my photos. 【句型五】 主语 ++ 宾语 + 宾语补足语只跟一个宾语不能表达完整的意思,必须加成分来补宾语,才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语:位于宾语之后补充说明宾语。可以用作宾语补足语的有: 名词,形容词,不定式,动名词,分词,介词短语等。The war made him a soldier. (名词) New methods make the job easy .(形容词) I often find him at work . (介词短语) The teacher ask the students to close the windows. (不定式) I saw a cat running across the road. (现在分词) Our teacher
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