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The Conserved Candida albicans CA3427 Gene Product Defines a New Family of Proteins Exhibiting the Generic Periplasmic Binding Protein Structural Fold ´ 1 1 2 2 1 Sebastien Santini , Jean-Michel Claverie , Nicolas Mouz , Tristan Rousselle , Caroline Maza , Vincent Monchois2, Chantal Abergel 1* ´ ´ 1 Information Genomique et Structurale (CNRS UPR2589), Aix-Marseille Universite, Mediterranean Institute of Microbiology, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France, ´ 2 PX’Therapeutics - 7 Parvis Louis Neel – BP50, Grenoble, France Abstract Nosocomial diseases due to Candida albicans infections are in constant rise in hospitals, where they cause serious complications to already fragile intensive care patients. Antifungal drug resistance is fast becoming a serious issue due to the emergence of strains resistant to currently available antifungal agents. Thus the urgency to identify new potential protein targets, the function and structure of which may guide the development of new antifungal drugs. In this context, we initiated a comparative genomics study in search of promising protein coding genes among the most conserved ones in reference fungal genomes. The CA3427 gene was selected on the basis of its presence among pathogenic fungi contrasting with its absence in the non pathogenic Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report the crystal 3D-structure of the Candida albicans ˚ CA3427 protein at 2.1 A resolution. The combined analysis of