2019届高考英语一轮复习 第三部分 写作导练 第11讲 凤头豹尾 双管齐下-开头和结尾在写作中的应用课件 外研版.ppt

* 第11讲　凤头豹尾,双管齐下——开头和结尾在写作中的应用 一、魔法导航 引人入胜的开头(凤头)是写作成功的保障,而回味无穷的结尾(豹尾)可以为文章锦上添花。因此,熟练掌握恰当的开头和结尾方式对提升作文品质至关重要。 (一)记叙文的常用开头和结尾法 常用开头法 1.情景铺垫法:在文章的开头先把人物、事件和环境交代清楚。 Last Tuesday,our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. 2.环境衬托法:在文章开头利用自然景物或社会环境引出要介绍的事物或谈论的话题。 Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. 3.回忆引题法:通过回忆的方法引入文章要表达的主题。 How time flies! It is two weeks since you came to our school and you are going to return to England soon. 常用结尾法 1.隐含式:用含蓄的手法间接地表达作者的情感或看法,让读者自己意会或思索。 Grandpa and the children were very happy to see the bird flying away in the sky. 2.抒情式:直抒胸臆,表达自己的看法或情感。 I’m confident that I’ll live up to the expectation of my future. 3.点题式:总结全文,进一步升华主题。 From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(2015湖北卷) (二)说明文的常用开头和结尾法 常用开头法 1.开篇点题法:一开头就点明文章要介绍的事物。 Everyone has his favorite season while spring is my favorite.(2016四川卷) 2.问题引入法:在文章的开头先用提问题的方法引出文章涉及的内容。 What should people really do to encourage their kids to concentrate their time and energy on studying lessons and doing well? 3.引用数据法:利用数据引出要说明的问题或谈论的主题。 The box-office income of Chinese movies witnessed a constant increase from about 17 billion yuan in 2012 to over 40 billion in 2015. However, that increase slowed down in 2016. 常用结尾法 结论式:总结说明的事物,进一步说明其特征、影响、意义等。 In conclusion,the true friendship means a lot to me,which contributes to my recovery as well as helps me succeed in study. (三)议论文的常用开头和结尾法 常用开头法 1.点明主旨法:提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐述的主题。 The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.(2015安徽卷) 2.列举实例/现象法:通过实例或现象引出要谈论的话题。 The phenomenon of “My friend falls,I laugh;my phone falls,I cry.” sometimes exists around us. 常用结尾法 1.概括式:用一句或几句话概括全文内容,进一步深化主题或强调作者的观点。 So,it’s safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily communication. 2.引用式:引用格言、谚语或习语总结全文。 As a proverb goes,“Rome wasn’t built in a day.” Success is not easy,so whatever failures we experience,we sh