形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则、用法.doc

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1．一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest?　　 （2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest?2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest3．重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggest fat→fatter→fattest4．辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest?　　busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；　如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful　　different→more different→most different? popular→more popular→most popular　　注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.　　例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.?　　（2） 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常.?　　It is a most important problem.?=It is a very important problem.? 有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级不规则 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest?many/much→more→most little→less→least　　 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1．“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”.如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高.?① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较.②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”.如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级.?2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.?春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了.The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大.3．含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式.如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”.The sooner,the better.?越快越好.5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.?如：The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍.(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) ③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们