形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成口诀.doc
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形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成口诀结尾直加-er,-est属一般,详细构成方法逐一来侃谈。一辅音结尾重读闭音节看,辅音双写-er,-est是习惯。辅音加y(ly)除外有型感,按照去y,-er,-iest方法办。上述皆属单音部分双音段,下面把多音节规律来看看。词前加more,most此规律唤。规则变化到此已全都谈完。有些不规则变化请你记全。“双好”better,best记的宽。“坏病”worse,worst莫记乱。“双多” more,most不用管。“老、远”两种形式别记错,“有点”less,least记清盼。
1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;? (1)单音节词
small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest
(2)双音节词 ? 如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest ? 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如:large nice able cute close white large free ? 3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
sad ? 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;? 如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest ? busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest? 5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;? 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful? different→more different→most different ? easily→more easily→most easily? 注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。? 例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. ? (2) 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常。 ? It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem. ? 6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。? 如:good→better→best well→better→best? bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst? old→older/elder→oldest/eldest ? many/much→more→most little→less→least ? far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
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