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高中英语语法专题精讲精练-动名词教材.doc

发布:2017-04-19约字共8页下载文档
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动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 (一)、作主语 1) 直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗:动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数 2)用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用,常用句型: It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 〖注意〗:important,essential,necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词(常用不定式)。 3) 动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格,构成动名词的复??结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如: Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 (二)、作宾语 (1)作动词的宾语 * 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟),deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏,感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stand, put off, give up等。如: Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗? She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画,他禁不住大笑起来。 * 在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词(短语)做宾语:find/think/consider… + it(形式宾语) + no use/no good/useless… + v.ing(真正宾语). I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗? * 形容词worth后也可接动名词,作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。 (2)作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有:think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out, insist on, be/get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, be good at, do well in, be fond of, be interested in, be tired of, be afraid of, spend…(in), feel like, prefer…to…, instead of, in case of等等。 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学
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