【高中英语语法】动名词.ppt
Gerund;
;1.Subject
Writingthebookhastakenupallhissparetime.
翻译:眼见为实.
Seeingisbelieving.;注①:It作形式主语(nouse,nogood,fun,awasteoftime,worthwhile);或Therebeno+Ving…
a.??It’snogoodtalkingalotwithoutdoinganything.
对此争论是浪费时间.
It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.
b.There’snojokingaboutsuchmatters.
There’snosayingwhathe’llbedoingnext.
There’snotellingwhathe’sgoingtodo.;注②:动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别:
动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作,一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;
不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起
It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(抽象)
Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.(具体)
在实际运用中,一般可以互换,差异不大。;但在下列几种情况中不能互换:
a.当表语是动名词时,主语也要用动名词;
当表语是不定式时,主语也要用不定式,如:
Seeingisbelieving.
Toseeistobelieve.;c.而在It’simportant…/It’snecessary…/It’sadvisable…/It’sessential…这类句型中,只能用不定式,如:
It’simportanttolearnforeignlanguages.
读许多遍是很有必要的.
It’squitenecessarytoreaditmanytimes.;2.Predicative
Theirjobisbuildinghouses.
Myfavoritesportisswimming.;注:动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别:
动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯;
不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作,特别是将来的动作,试比较:
Hisjobisraisingpigs.
Mymainjobnowistoteachthemtoreadthetext.;3.Object
Hearingthewords,shecouldn’thelpthinkingofherpastbitterness.
我们都回避提及此事.
Weallavoidedmentioningthatmatter.;★???能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类:
⑴.只能用动名词作宾语的动词,其中有:
avoid,admit,advise,appreciate,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,giveup,can’thelp,imagine,keep(on),don’tmind,miss,practise,putoff,goon,resist,suggest等,如:
Ienjoyworkingwithyou.
玛莉正考虑换工作.
Maryisconsideringchangingherjob.
Wouldyoumindringingmeuptomorrow?;⑵.既可以用动名词,又可以用不定式作宾语的动词,其中有:
begin,continue,forget,hate,like,love,prefer,propose(建议,打算),regret,remember,start,try,want,need,stop;但是在下列情况下,通常用不定式:
a.在like/love/prefer/hate后表示一个特定的新动作时:
Iliketobuyas