Grammar-动名词.ppt

Grammar 动名词;动名词的构成：; 1. 动名词作主语： 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作 e.g.: Its rather tiring walking around in a city. a. 可用it作形式主语，将-ing放后。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a pleasure doing business with Harry. It is fun/nice working with you . It’s a waste of time wandering through high school. ;b. 在“There is no doing”结构中用-ing形式作主语，表示“没法…”。 There’s no telling/knowing that-clause There was no telling whether it would rain again. ※There is no point/sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有作用或没有意义 There is (no) hope/chance /possibility of doing… There is (no) difficulty/trouble/delay (in) doing… Is there any chance of us/ our winning the match? There is no point/sense (in) discussing the problem again. ;1. I see that it is hopeless (就此事和他争论)（argue）. 2. It is a waste of time （在这项工程上）.(work);2. 动名词作表语：其用法等同不定式，起形容词 作用，讲述主语的特征、内容和含义。 One of my bad habits is eating too many sweets. My job is teaching you how to learn. ;3. 动名词作宾语： a.只接-ing形式，不接不定式的动词有: admit, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, escape, enjoy, miss, excuse, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep (on), mind, practice, resist, risk, suggest, advise, appreciate, permit等. 如： It is not hard to stop smoking. Do you mind answering the question?;b. 既可接不定式又可接-ing形式作宾语的词有： like, love, hate, prefer, propose,begin, start, continue 等，一般情况下，不定式表示具体的动作而动名词表示习惯性的动作。 I prefer waiting(to wait) here. c.下列动词forget, remember,regret, try,mean, can’t help, go on , stop, be used to, 可用不定式又可用-ing形式，但意义完全不同。 ; remember to do 记住要去做 remember doing 记得已做了 forget to do 忘记 要去做 forget doing 忘记已做了 regret to do 抱歉要去做 regret doing 后悔已做了 try to do 尽力去做; try doing 试着做 mean to do 打算去做; mean doing 意味着,就是;stop to do 停下来去做别的事; stop doing 停止做 go on to do 继续（去做另外一件事情）