the burden of common infectious disease syndromes at the clinic and household level from population-based surveillance in rural and urban kenya常见的传染性疾病的负担综合症在诊所和家庭在肯尼亚农村和城市人群的监测水平.pdf

The Burden of Common Infectious Disease Syndromes at the Clinic and Household Level from Population-Based Surveillance in Rural and Urban Kenya Daniel R. Feikin1,2*, Beatrice Olack 1,2, Godfrey M. Bigogo1,2, Allan Audi1,2, Leonard Cosmas 1,2, Barrack 1,2 1,2 1,2 2 1,2 Aura , Heather Burke , M. Kariuki Njenga , John Williamson , Robert F. Breiman 1 International Emerging Infections Program-Kenya, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Nairobi and Kisumu, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, 2 Kenya Medical Research Institute/CDC Public Health and Research Collaboration, Kisumu and Nairobi, Kenya Abstract Background: Characterizing infectious disease burden in Africa is important for prioritizing and targeting limited resources for curative and preventive services and monitoring the impact of interventions. Methods: From June 1, 2006 to May 31, 2008, we estimated rates of acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRI), diarrhea and acute febrile illness (AFI) among .50,000 persons participating in population-based surveillance in impoverished, rural western Kenya (Asembo) and an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya (Kibera). Field workers visited households every two weeks, collecting recent illness information and performing limited exams. Participants could access free high-quality care in a designated referral clinic in each site. Incidence and longitudinal prevalence were calculated and compared using Poisson regression. Results: Incidence rates resulting in clinic visitation were the following: ALRI — 0.36 and 0.51 episodes per year for children ,5 years and 0.067 and 0.026 for persons $5 years in Asembo and Kibera, respectively; diarrhea — 0.40 and 0.71 episodes per year for children ,5 years and 0.09 and 0.062 for persons $5 ye