大工12春《大学英语4》辅导资料十八.doc

大学英语4辅导资料十八 主 题：总复习（3） 学习时间：2012年7月30日－8月5日 内 容： 一、写作基本要求 对英语短文的具体要求是：切题，能正确表达思想；意义连贯，文章基本通顺；无重大语言错误。总的来说，考生要做到结构完整、意思连贯、表达清晰、语言正确，即4C -- Completeness, Coherence, Clearness, Correctness。 首先，结构要完整。不仅格式和内容要符合题目的要求，而且要确保词数达到80。比如，题目要求你给你的美国朋友回信，介绍上海的娱乐和购物地点。那么，你就必须记得按照应用文文体（信件）的格式来写。又比如： 如果作文题目是My Family，一位同学这样写到： “My family includes my father, mother and me. My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher. I am a student. We are happy together.”（27 words） 这样一篇作文虽然内容基本符合题目要求，但是字数严重不足，也不符合写作要求。 反过来，如果字数够了，但是内容不全，也不能算是完整。 “In my family, my mother always has all the power. She will decide what we eat for each breakfast, lunch or supper. She will tell my father, “take off your coat; put on your shirt.” She will order me to finish my homework before watching TV. She is also the busiest person in my family. She gets up early in the morning and makes breakfast. She goes to work from 9am to 5 pm. Then she prepares dinner. After lunch she washes the dishes….” （84 words） 写到此时, 字数是达到要求了，但是家庭成员还没写全，结构仍然不完整。 第二点，意思连贯，就是注意句子段落之间，恰当使用表示时间或逻辑顺序以及递进或转折的连接词，比如first, second, finally, besides，also, however, but, on one hand, on the other hand等等。下面这篇题为 “The Spring Festival” 的短文就是很好的例证。 The Spring Festival The Spring Festival is a wonderful time of the year to spend with one’s family. Those who work or study far away from home will go back. The family will have a get-together. People will exchange gifts and eat a lot of delicious things. The Spring Festival is also a great time to visit one’s friends. We can go to parties at friends’ house, talk about our lives and wish each other a happy new year. However, there are times during the Spring Festival when it is nice just to be by ourselves. We can read some interesting books, have a quiet walk in the countryside and think about what we will do in the New Year.（116 words） 第三点，表达清晰。就是要求考生具备一定的词汇量以及能熟练运用英语基本句型。仍以一篇短文为例加以说明。 Advertisement Advertisement can be a service to people. First, it is informative, and can help people buy and sell