Chapter 13 The Recognition and Engulfment of Apoptotic Cells by Phagocytes.pdf
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CHAPTER
13
THE RECOGNITION AND
ENGULFMENT OF APOPTOTIC
CELLS BY PHAGOCYTES
RAYMOND B. BIRGE
ABBREVIATIONS
C. elegans Caenorhabditis elegans
Crk CT10-regulator of kinase
DOCK180 Downstream of Crk-binding protein
SH2 domain Src homology 2 domain
SH3 domain Src homology 3 domain
PTB domain Protein tyrosine-binding domain
LRP Low density lipid-related protein
ABCA1 ATP-binding cassette transporter 1
SP-A, SP-D Surfactant protein A, D
SR-A (B, C, D, E, F) Scavenger receptor class A (B–F)
MBL Mannose-binding lectin
C1q, iC3b Complement factors
CRP C-reactive protein
LOX-1 Lectin like oxidized LDL receptor-1
SAP Serum amyloid protein
PTX Pentraxin
When Cells Die II, Edited by Richard A. Lockshin and Zahra Zakeri.
ISBN 0-471-21947-9 ? 2004 John Wiley Sons, Inc.
311
Ig Immunoglobulin
CR3, CR4 Complement receptors 3, 4
PAMP Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
ACAMP Apopototic cell-associated molecular pattern
TGF-b Transforming growth factor-beta
IL-10 Interleukin-10
PGE2 Prostoglandin E2
PS Phosphatidylserine
PS-R Phosphatidylserine receptor
avb5/avb3 integrin Alpha v beta 3,5 integrin
MAC Membrane attack complex
ICAM Intercellular adhesion molecule-3
Gas-6 Growth arrest gene factor-6
MFG-E8 Milk fat globule EGF factor-8
TSP Thrombospondin
Mf Macrophage
DC Dendritic cell
RPE Retinal pigmented epithelial cells
ROS Rod outer segments
VN Vitronectin
MerKD Mer receptor tyrosine kinase-dead
APC Antigen-presenting cells
CTL Cytotoxic T lymphocyte
MHC Major histocompatibility complex
FAK Focal adhesion kinase
PKC Protein kinase C
During evolution, the progression from unicellular autonomous organisms
to socialized multicellular organisms led to a fundamental set of new bio-
logical rules with respect to how cells recognize and respond to damaged or
unnecessary neighbors. Not only did such early multicellular organisms
have to learn to socialize and “love thy neighbor,” they also had to learn to
“respect their dead.” As part of this doctrine, not only did life and death
decisions
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