the biological and clinical importance of the new generation cytokines in rheumatic diseases生物和临床重要性的u201c新一代u201d细胞因子在风湿性疾病.pdf

Available online /content/11/3/230 Review The biological and clinical importance of the ‘new generation’ cytokines in rheumatic diseases Cem Gabay1 and Iain B McInnes2 1Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Geneva Department of Pathology-Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, 26 Avenue Beau-Séjour, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland 2Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK Corresponding author: Cem Gabay, cem.gabay@hcuge.ch Published: 19 May 2009 Arthritis Research Therapy 2009, 11:230 (doi:10.1186/ar2680) This article is online at /content/11/3/230 © 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract inflammatory synovitis. However, non-responders or partial A better understanding of cytokine biology over the last two clinical responders upon TNF blockade are not infrequent decades has allowed the successful development of cytokine and disease usually flares up upon discontinuation of treat- inhibitors against tumour necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)-1 and ment. Registry datasets confirm gradual attrition of patients IL-6. The introduction of these therapies should be considered a who do reach stable TNF blockade. Crucially, clinical breakthrough in the management of several rheumatic diseases. remission is infrequently achieved. Thus, considerable unmet However, many patients will exhibit no or only partial response to clinical needs remain. This has provoked consid