The Nature, Elements and Importance of (的性质、元素和重要性).pdf
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C. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
1. The nature, elements and importance of working capital
2. Management of inventories, accounts receivable, accounts payable and cash
3. Determining working capital needs and funding strategies
The Nature, Elements and Importance of Working Capital
What is Working Capital?
Working capital is the net of current assets minus current liabilities. That is working capital is equal to
the value of raw materials, work‐in‐progress, finished goods inventories and accounts receivable less
accounts payable.
What is the aim of Working Capital Management?
The aim of working capital management is to achieve balance between having sufficient working capital
to ensure that the business is liquid but not too much that the level of working capital reduced
profitability.
What is meant by the term Liquidity?
Liquidity means that the business has sufficient inventory and cash so that it can trade without its cash
or inventory depleting.
Why is Working Capital Management important?
Working capital management is essential for the long‐term success of a business. No business can
survive if it cannot meet its day‐to‐day obligations. A business must therefore have clear policies for the
management of each component of working capital.
Management of Inventories, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable
and Cash
Can the level of working capital be fixed for all organisations and why?
• Different industry types require different levels of working capital. Service industries need little
to no inventory whereas retailers need more. Depending on the retailer’s business their
inventory will also vary. Manufacturers will probably require more because they need raw
material stocks, work‐in‐progress and finished goods. Retailers ma
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