guan动物细胞培养.pptx
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guan动物细胞培养会计学第1页/共102页动物的细胞与组织培养 定义:从动物体内取出组织或细胞,模拟机体内生理环境,在体外建立无菌、适当温度和一定营养条件下,使之生存和生长,并维持其结构和功能的方法。1 动物细胞培养第2页/共102页群体培养(mass culture):将含有一定数量细胞的悬液置于培养瓶中,让细胞贴壁生长,汇合(confluence)后形成均匀的单细胞层克隆培养(clonal culture):培养高度稀释的细胞悬液,细胞贴壁生长,每一个细胞形成一个细胞集落,称为克隆。第3页/共102页群体培养(左)和克隆培养(右) 第4页/共102页Definitions of Tissue Culture Termscell culture - the maintenance and growing of dispersed cells outside the organism.Secondary culture-Cells taken from a primary culture and passed or divided in vitro. These cells have a limited number of divisions or passages.tissue culture - the maintenance of a tissue or fragment in a way that may allow differentiation and preservation of the architecture and/or function monolayer - single layer of cells growing on a surfaceorgan culture - maintenance of tissues, whole or parts of organs in a way that may allow differentiation and preservation of the architecture and/or functionexplant - an excised fragment of an organ which usually retains some degree of tissue architecture第5页/共102页原代培养 (primary culture):即细胞或组织离开机体后的首次培养。primary culture - started from cells, tissues or organs taken directly from an animal传代(passage) : 培养的细胞生长到一定的密度后转移到新的容器中培养或需要更换到新的培养液称为传代或传代培养。subculture - the transplantation of cells from one culture to another (passaging)细胞系(cell line):原代培养物经首次传代成功后即成细胞系,由原先存在于原代培养物中的细胞世系所组成。如果不能继续传代或传代数有限,可称为有限细胞系。如果可以连续传代则称为连续细胞株原代培养细胞成功传代即为细胞系。cell line - arises from the primary culture at the time of the first subculture - finite life spancontinuous cell line - a cell line which has been transformed - infinite life span细胞株(cell strain):从培养细胞中筛选出的具有特定性质或标志的细胞群。 克隆(clone):亦称无性系。指由同一个祖先细胞通过有丝分裂产生的遗传性状一致的细胞群。2发展历史第6页/共102页动物细胞(组织)培养技术起源于19世纪所应用的某些胚胎学技术。动物细胞(组织)培养的奠基人是美国生物学家Harrison。在1907年采用盖玻片覆盖凹窝玻璃悬滴培养法将蛙胚的神经组织培养在淋巴液中,保持存活了几周时间,并观察到细胞突起的生长过程。Harrison - - isolated pieces of frog embryonic tissue known to give rise to nerve fibres - grew them in frog lymph - observed outgrowth of axons over period of weeks in 1907. 法国学者Carrel功不可没。他1923年设计的卡氏培养瓶,用鸡胚抽
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