the biological deep sea hydrothermal vent as a model to study carbon dioxide capturing enzymes深海生物深海热液喷口作为模型来研究二氧化碳捕获酶.pdf
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Mar. Drugs 2011, 9, 719-738; doi:10.3390/md9050719
OPEN ACCESS
Marine Drugs
ISSN 1660-3397
/journal/marinedrugs
Review
The Biological Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent as a Model to
Study Carbon Dioxide Capturing Enzymes
Zoran Minic 1,* and Premila D. Thongbam 2
1 Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon,
SK S7N 5C9, Canada
2 Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam,
Meghalaya 793103, India; E-Mail: pthongbam2000@yahoo.co.in
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: zom198@mail.usask.ca or
zoranminic@yahoo.fr; Tel.: + 1-306-370-4701.
Received: 20 March 2011; in revised form: 14 April 2011 / Accepted: 20 April 2011 /
Published: 28 April 2011
Abstract: Deep sea hydrothermal vents are located along the mid-ocean ridge system, near
volcanically active areas, where tectonic plates are moving away from each other. Sea
water penetrates the fissures of the volcanic bed and is heated by magma. This heated sea
water rises to the surface dissolving large amounts of minerals which provide a source of
energy and nutrients to chemoautotrophic organisms. Although this environment is
characterized by extreme conditions (high temperature, high pressure, chemical toxicity,
acidic pH and absence of photosynthesis) a diversity of microorganisms and many animal
species are specially adapted to this hostile environment. These organisms have developed
a very efficient metabolism for the assimilation of inorganic CO2 from the ext
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