biosynthesis and molecular genetics of polyketides in marine dinoflagellates在海洋甲藻多酮类化合物的生物合成和分子遗传学.pdf

Mar. Drugs 2010, 8, 1011-1048; doi:10.3390/md8041011 OPEN ACCESS Marine Drugs ISSN 1660-3397 /journal/marinedrugs Review Biosynthesis and Molecular Genetics of Polyketides in Marine Dinoflagellates Ralf Kellmann 1,*, Anke Stüken 2,3, Russell J. S. Orr 3, Helene M. Svendsen 1,† and 2 Kjetill S. Jakobsen 1 University of Bergen, Department of Molecular Biology, 5020 Bergen, Norway; E-Mail: Helene.Svendsen@student.uib.no 2 University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), 0316 Oslo, Norway; E-Mails: anke.stuken@web.de (A.S.); k.s.jakobsen@bio.uio.no (K.S.J.) 3 University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Microbial Evolution Research Group (MERG), 0316 Oslo, Norway; E-Mail: russell.orr@bio.uio.no † Current address: University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), 0316 Oslo, Norway. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ralf.kellmann@mbi.uib.no; Tel.: +47-5558-4556; Fax: +47-5558-9683. Received: 24 February 2010; in revised form: 17 March 2010 / Accepted: 26 March 2010 / Published: 31 March 2010 Abstract: Marine dinoflagellates are the single most important group of algae that produce toxins, which have a global impact on human activities. The toxins are chemically diverse, and include macrolides, cyclic polyethers, spirolides and purine alkaloids. Whereas there is a multitude of studies describing the pharmacology of these toxins, there is limited or no knowledge regarding the bi