遗传学中易混淆概念的辨析（Differentiation and analysis of confusing concepts in genetics）.doc

遗传学中易混淆概念的辨析（Differentiation and analysis of confusing concepts in genetics） Middle school biology, 2008, 3 issue Differentiation and analysis of confusing concepts in genetics Author: Gao Zhihua Middle school biology year 3 words: 3075 fonts: [big, small] In the teaching of genetics, we often encounter some confusing concepts. Some of these concepts in the form, some in content, some in the process are similar, even only one word, but it is wrong. In the teaching process should continue to guide the student to carry on the comparison and analysis according to the teaching material, easy to distinguish similarities and differences between the concept confusion, to distinguish between essential and non essential attributes, main features and secondary characteristics, and the specific phenomenon of summing up, finally obtains the complete concept. 1 chromosome and chromatin Refers to the chromatin in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells can be basic dye dyed substance exists in the form of cell interphase chromatin genetic material; chromosome refers to the eukaryotic cell metaphase has certain morphological characteristics, now this concept has been expanded as gene vector for prokaryotes and organelles,. The same chromatin and chromosome, in which is the genetic material, is the two forms of the same substance in cells of different periods, they have the same chemical composition, is a nuclear protein complex composed of nucleic acid and protein, is the main component of DNA, histone and non histone and a few RNA. The differences in chromatin in interphase cells, showed irregular reticular structure, and the expression for the replication of genetic material; chromosome exists in mitotic cells, rod like structures by chromosome highly agglomerated, the average distribution of beneficial genetic material. The morphological and behavioral characteristics of chromosomes are important basis for the identification of mitotic and meiotic cells. At the same time, chromatin and