the impact of human conflict on the genetics of mastomys natalensis and lassa virus in west africa人类冲突的影响的遗传学mastomys鼠natalensis西非和拉沙病毒.pdf

The Impact of Human Conflict on the Genetics of Mastomys natalensis and Lassa Virus in West Africa 1. ¨ 1,2. 3,4. 1 4¤ Aude Lalis , Raphael Leblois , Emilie Lecompte , Christiane Denys , Jan ter Meulen , Thierry Wirth1,5* ´ ´ ´ 1 Departement Systematique et Evolution, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, 2 Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations, Montferrier-sur-Lez, ´ France, 3 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite Biologique, Toulouse, France, 4 Institute of Virology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany, 5 Laboratoire de Biologie ´ integrative des populations, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France Abstract Environmental changes have been shown to play an important role in the emergence of new human diseases of zoonotic origin. The contribution of social factors to their spread, especially conflicts followed by mass movement of populations, has not been extensively investigated. Here we reveal the effects of civil war on the phylogeography of a zoonotic emerging infectious disease by concomitantly studying the population structure, evolution and demography of Lassa virus and its natural reservoir, the rodent Mastomys natalensis, in Guinea, West Africa. Analysis of nucleoprotein gene sequences enabled us to reconstruct the evolutionary history of Lassa virus, which appeared 750 to 900 years ago in Nigeria and only recently spread across western Africa (170 years ago). Bayesian demographic inferences revealed that both the host and the virus populations have gone recently through severe genetic bottlenecks. The timing of these events ma