研究生2册翻译及答案1-8单元.doc

研究生英语综合教程Book 2 UNIT1----UNIT 8 翻译练习参考答案 BOOK2 UNIT 1 A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance. A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job. Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure. To a worker, leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much. To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better. 人们想快乐，首先必须感到自由，其次，必须感到自己重要。假如迫于社会压力做自己不乐意做的事，或者乐于做的事被认为一文不值，毫不重要，得不到社会的承认，那么这样的人是不可能真正快乐的。倘如一个人对社会给与他的差事不感兴趣，干下去只是出于谋生和养家糊口的需要，那么此人就只是个雇佣劳动者。倘如一个人打心眼里对社会掏钱让他干的差事感兴趣，那么他就是一个工作者。一件差事究竟是劳动还是工作并不取决于差事本身，而是取决于干这个差事的人的喜好。这种差异并不等同于体力和脑力劳动的区别。从一个人对休闲的态度可以看出他属于哪类人。对工作者而言，休闲不过是放松休息几个小时，为的是工作起来效率更高。所以他可能花很少的时间休息，而不是很多。对劳动者而言恰恰相反，休闲意味着摆脱了羁绊，他总盼着少干多玩，工作时间越短越好，这种想法也在情理之中。 B. Translate the following sentences into English. 1、当真相大白的时候，人们呼吁政府要给英雄正名。( put in a good word for) People appealed to the government to put in a good word for the real hero after the truth came out. 2、新年到了，山姆意识到是该暂时把工作放到一边，给父母打个电话的时候了。 (occur to) 3、在这个瞬息万变的时代，年轻人常常把个人利益放在首位而将社会责任抛在脑后。(tune out) In a time of change, young people often put self-inte