胡壮麟语言学教程课件Part15.pdf
文本预览下载声明
Chapter 12 Theories and Schools
of Modern linguistics
Introduction
The Prague School
• Introduction
• Phonology Phonological Oppositions
• Functional Sentence Perspective(FSP)
The London School
• Malinowski’s theories
• Firth’s theories
• Halliday Systemic-Functional Grammar
American Structuralism
• Early Period: Boas Sapir
Bloomfield’s Theory
• Post- Bloomfieldian Linguistics
Transformational- Generative Grammar
• The innateness hypothesis
• What Is a generative grammar
• The Classical Theory
• The Standard theory
• The Extended Standard Theory
• Main features of TG Grammar
• Later theories
Revisionsists? Rebels?
• Case Grammar
• Generative Semantics
Introduction
Introduction
1 Modern linguistics began from the
1 Modern linguistics began from the
Swiss linguist Ferdinand de
Swiss linguist Ferdinand de
Saussure (1857-1913), who is
Saussure (1857-1913), who is
often described as “father of modern
often described as “father of modern
linguistics”. His lectures are
linguistics”. His lectures are
collected in the book “Course in
collected in the book “Course in
General Linguistics”.
General Linguistics”.
2 Saussure believed that language
2 Saussure believed that language
is a System of Signs. This sign is
is a System of Signs. This sign is
the union of a form and an idea,
the union of a form and an idea,
which he called the signifier and
which he called the signifier and
the signified.
the signified.
3 Saussure’s ideas on the arbitrary
3 Saussure’s ideas on the arbitrary
nature of sign, on the relational
nature of sign, on the relational
nature of linguistic units, on the
nature of linguistic units, on
显示全部