2016现代英语词汇学.ppt
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现代英语词汇学 Modern English Lexicology 内容提要注意小词的特殊用法、注意动词的微妙用法注意否定的应用、注意时髦词的用法注意抽象词的用法、注意形象比喻的应用 Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 小词:短小精悍的常用词,其中大部分是单音节动词和小品词。 1. 介词(preposition) 功能性与广泛性 There is a short cut across the field.(横穿) They live across the street.(对面) Lay the two sticks across each other.(交叉) a restaurant across from the station(对面、AE) He is sitting with his arms across. (交叉) Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 分析:past // like I would not put it past him to scoop to cheating. (not put it past sb.:相信某人可能会) 我认为他会干出欺骗的勾当来 It just like him to work so hard without seeking reward or recognition. (like him=characteristic of him有某种特点) 他这个人就有这样一个特点,拼命工作,从不计较名和利) Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 supplementary: He is on the phone with his classmate. Were you at the meeting yesterday? Who is on duty today? He was never behind with the rent.(他从不拖欠房租) Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 5. He is at his books.( He is reading books.) 他在读书 6. The machine is in operation. ( The machine is working.) 机器正在运行 7. Is this the train for Chicago? 这趟火车是开往芝加哥的吗? Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 2. 副词 There: 在引起注意,增强语气时不同场合表示的意义。 1.There comes the very man you are looking for. 2.There is a fine fellow! 真是个好人! 3.I am not sorry I said it, so there. 我这样说不感到后悔,你拿我怎么样? 4.There, there, don’t worry about that. (表安慰) Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 5. There the work is finished at last. (表示满意) 6. There’s a fine dress for you. (表示欣赏)。 7. There’s gratitude or glory for you! (两种意义: 一种是真诚的;一种是讽刺的) 8. There you are. 用于并列句中表示预期效果(get the desired result: You have only to turn the switch on and there you are.) Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 注意小词的特殊用法 关于-ly 副词 A grenade thrown from the tower burst harmlessly on the ground. 炮楼里扔出了一颗手榴弹,炸在地上,没有伤人。 Tobacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say “No Smoking”. 瘾君子对“禁止吸烟”的牌子视若无睹,真是无可救药。 Chapter 10 小词的使用与理解 I.注意小词的特殊用法 3. 连接词 以and 为例:
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