中考英语-定语从句讲解.doc

定语从句 请看下面的句子： I want to know the boy who is the tallest. 句子做定语修饰boy （一）概念: 定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子， 叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 定语从句的分类 Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。 e.g:This is the book that/which I want. Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。 从句一般用逗号同主句分开。 e.g:Mr. Green， who is watching TV，is my uncle. （三）(限定性)定语从句的结构 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系代词 关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why （四）定语从句的实质：二句合一 （合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地） Mary is a girl. 合并为一个句子 She has long hair. 思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分） Mary is a girl who/that has long hair. 请把下列句子二句合一 1. I saw the man.He closed the door 2.The girl is happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen （五） 定语从句关系词的确定: a.先行词的分类 b.先行词在从句中充当的成分 1.先行词做主语 人：who/that 物：which/that 2.先行词做宾语 人：who/whom/that 物：which/that 3.先行词做定语 人：whose 物：whose/of which 4.先行词做状语：when, where, why who, whom, whose, that用法区别. who /that作定语从句的主语或宾语. The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并 分解 The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主语 Whom /that作定语从句的宾语 The woman（ whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 分解 The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman. 作宾语 注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略. whose 作定语从句的定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 分解 I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher. 作定语 小结： 关系词