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过去分词作宾语补足语3.doc

发布:2018-11-16约1.58万字共14页下载文档
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概念引入   上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。看这些句子:   1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.   2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form     the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.   3. You find most of the population settled in the south.   4. They found the window broken.   5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.   这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。 用法讲解 什么是宾语补足语   英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外,还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整,这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型(见【补充】)中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。 1. 作补足语的词语:   1)We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。     (名词短语作宾语补足语,相当于省略了to be)   2)I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。     (形容词作宾语补足语)      3)I saw the kite up and down. 我看见风筝飞上飞下。     (副词作宾语补足语)      4)When he woke up, he found himself in a strange place.     他醒来时发现自己在一个陌生的地方。     (介词短语作宾语补足语)   5)Tom made the girl cry. 汤姆把女孩弄哭了。     (省略不定式符号to的动词不定式)   6)The father found his son playing in his room. 父亲发现儿子在房间里玩。     (动词-ing形式做宾语补足语)   7)The soft music makes us relaxed. 这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。     (过去分词作宾语补足语)   【补充】英语的六种基本句型:   英语的最基本的句型有6种,其他的句子都是由这6种句型转换来的。   1)主语+谓语   Great changes have taken place in my hometown.      主语    谓语   2)主语+系动词+表语   The work seemed difficult to us.     主语 系动词  表语   3)主语+谓语+宾语   Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.    主语     谓语   宾语   4)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语   Our hotel serves  you breakfast in your room.      主语  谓语  宾语 宾语           (间接) (直接)   5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语   They  saw  little Tom being punished by his parents.   主语  谓语  宾语  宾语补足语   6)There be结构   There  is  a small village below the mountain.      谓语  主语   注意:没有划线的部分是定语或者状语,如“in my hometown”是地点状语,而修饰名词“Farmers”后的 “in our area”是定语。 2. 宾语补足语与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系   1)They named the black dog Arrow. 他们命名这只黑狗“Arrow”。     我们可以说“The little dog is Arrow.”,所以宾语the little dog和补足语Arrow是逻辑上的主谓关系   2)I noticed a little girl drawing u
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