L3整理 Continued Avoiding a US-China Cold War.doc

Avoiding a US-China Cold War (Continued) 避免中美冷战（续） America historicall has acted as if it could participate in or withdraw from international affairs at will. In the Chinese perception of itself as the Middle Kingdom, the idea of the sovereign equality of states was unknown. Until the end of the 19th century, China treated foreign countries as various categories of vassal. China never encountered a country of comparable magnitude until European armies imposed an end to its seclusion. A foreign ministry was not established until 1861, and then primarily for dealing with colonialist invaders. 美国历来的表现就好像它可以随心所欲地参加或退出国际事务。中国人过去自视为“中央王国”，在他们的脑海里，国家的主权平等是闻所未闻的概念。直到19世纪末，中国一直把外国当成各种附庸国。在欧洲国家军队打破它的与世隔绝状态之前，中国从未遇到过面积与之相当的国家。中国直到1861年才设立了外交部门，当时主要负责与殖民主义侵略者打交道。 在他们的脑海里，。 America historicall has acted as if 美国历来的表现就好像 participate in or withdraw from international affairs 参加或退出国际事务 it could do sth. at will. 它可以随心所欲地do sth. perception [p?sep?(?)n] n. 知觉；[生理] 感觉；看法；洞察力；获取In the Chinese perception of itself as 中国人过去自视为 the Middle Kingdom “中央王国” the idea of the sovereign equality of states 国家的主权平等的概念 various categories of vassal. 各种附庸国。 vassal [v?s(?)l]? n. 诸侯；封臣 adj. 臣属的China never encountered 中国从未遇到过 a country of comparable magnitude 面积与之相当的国家 magnitude [m?gn?tju?d] ?n. 大小；量级； [s?klu??(?)n]? n. 隔离；隐退；隐蔽的地方A foreign ministry was not established until 1861 直到1861年才设立了外交部门 and then primarily for dealing with colonialist invaders 当时主要负责与殖民主义侵略者打交道。 colonialist [k?l??nj?l?st] 殖民主义者的 America has most problems it recognized as soluble. China, in its history of millennia, came to believe that few problems have ultimate solutions. America has a problem solving approach; China is comfortable managing contra