语言学第六章 .pptx

语言学第六章;6、1Introduction

6、1、1Background

6、1、2Definition

6、2Micropragmatics

6、2、1Reference(指称)

6、2、2Dexis(指示)

6、2、3Anaphora(照应)

6、2、4Presupposition(预设)

6、3Macropragmatics

6、3、1Speechacttheory(言语行为理论)

6、3、2TheCooperativePrinciple(合作原则)

6、3、3ThePolitenessPrinciple(礼貌原则);6、1Introduction;Amelamed[/m?‘lɑ:m?d/,小学教师,Hebrewteacher]discoveringthathehadlefthisfortableslippersbackinthehouse,sentastudentafterthemwithanoteforhiswife、

Thenotereads:`Sendmeyourslipperswiththisboy`、

Whenthestudentaskedwhyhehadwritten`your`slippers,themelamedanswered:`Yold![Fool!]IfIwrote“my”slippers,shewouldread“myslippersandwouldsendherslippers、WhatcouldIdowithherslippers?SoIwrote“your”slippers,shellread“yourslippersandsendmemine、”;Backgroundof“Pragmatics”;Syntaxaddressestheformalrelationsofsignstooneanother,

semanticstherelationofsignstowhattheydenote,

andpragmaticstherelationofsignstotheirusersandinterpreters、;Pragmaticsisthestudyoftherelationshipsbetweenlinguisticformsandtheusersofthoseforms、

Inthisthree-partdistinction,onlypragmaticsallowshumansintotheanalysis、;大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流;Definitions;;6、2Micropramatics;6、2、1Reference;Thekeyprocesshereiscalledinference、Aninferenceisanyadditionalinformationusedbythehearertoconnectwhatissaidtowhatmustbemeant、

Inpragmatics,theactbywhichaspeakerorwriteruseslanguagetoenableahearerorreadertoidentifysomethingiscalledreference、;6、2、2Deixis;Fivetypesofdeixis

1、Persondeixis:me,you,him,them、

2、Timedeixis:now,then,tonight,lastweek、

3、Space/spatial/placedeixis:here,there,andyonder、

4、Discoursedeixis:temporal/spatialintheprevious/nextparagraph,orHaveyouheardthisjoke?inthischapter、

5、Socialdeixis:honorifics(敬语,ProfessorLi);kinshiprelationship(LiJie[李姐]inChinese);Amelamed[小学教师,Hebrew