16例霉菌性食管炎临床分析的开题报告.docx

16例霉菌性食管炎临床分析的开题报告 摘要 目的：探讨16例霉菌性食管炎的临床表现、诊断和治疗方法。 方法：对16例确诊为霉菌性食管炎的患者进行临床分析。分别记录其主要临床表现、内镜检查结果、病理分型、病因、治疗方法及疗效，并进行综合分析。 结果：16例患者均为异种真菌感染引起的霉菌性食管炎，其中13例为白色念珠菌感染，2例为念珠菌属混合感染，1例为黏着性曲霉感染。所有患者均有不同程度的吞咽困难、胸痛、恶心和呕吐等症状。内镜检查结果显示食管黏膜弥漫性充血、溃疡和浅表性糜烂，病理分型为表浅型及深部型霉菌性食管炎。所有患者均进行了抗真菌治疗，其中14例为口服抗真菌药物，2例为局部涂抹抗真菌药物。所有患者均治愈或症状明显缓解。 结论：霉菌性食管炎症状明显，内镜检查和病理分型可明确诊断，抗真菌治疗是有效的治疗方法。 关键词：霉菌性食管炎；病理分型；抗真菌治疗；内镜检查 Abstract Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment methods of 16 cases of fungal esophagitis. Methods: Clinical analysis of 16 patients confirmed as fungal esophagitis. The main clinical manifestations, endoscopic examination results, pathological types, etiology, treatment methods and efficacy were recorded and comprehensively analyzed. Results: All 16 patients had fungal esophagitis caused by heterologous fungal infections, of which 13 cases were Candida albicans infections, 2 cases were mixed infections of Candida spp., and 1 case was Aspergillus niger infection. All patients had varying degrees of dysphagia, chest pain, nausea and vomiting. Endoscopic examination showed diffuse congestion, ulcers and superficial erosion of the esophageal mucosa, and the pathological classification was superficial and deep fungal esophagitis. All patients were treated with antifungal therapy, with 14 cases of oral antifungal drugs and 2 cases of topical antifungal drugs. All patients were cured or significantly relieved of symptoms. Conclusion: Fungal esophagitis has significant symptoms, endoscopic examination and pathological classification can make a definite diagnosis, and antifungal therapy is an effective treatment method. Keywords: fungal esophagitis; pathological classification; antifungal therapy; endoscopic examination