阅读理解之说明文-期中真题汇编（解析版）.docx

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阅读理解之说明文

（一）

（23-24高二上·安徽黄山·期中）Formostordinarypurposes,machinetranslation(MT)hasgotalotbetterinthepastyears.Thebiggestsourceofimprovementhasbeentheadoptionof“deeplearning”intrainingtranslatingsystems.Butimprovementhasalsocomeaboutthroughtheexpansionofclevercompaniessolvingindividualtasks.Somehavecreatedspecialistdictionariessothatimportanttermscanbetranslatedaccuratelyandconsistently.OtherinventionscombineMTwithahumantranslator’seditingtools,whichmeanstranslatorsspendmostoftheirtimecheckingandperfectingMToutput,ratherthandoingtheworkofthetranslatingthemselves.

Forsometranslators,beingamachine’seditormaysounddepressing.Thiscanbeseentheotherwayaround,however.Ahumanrepeatedlytranslatingidenticalformulaecangetbored.Allowingthemachinetodotheseboringjobsfreesthetranslatortoapplyspecializedknowledge,solvingmoreintellectuallysatisfyingproblems.

Whatarethoseproblems?OneMadrid-basedtranslatorforabiglawfirmdescribesarecenttask.Itinvolvedmakingacriticaldistinctioninalegaldocument:aSpanishword(dolo)that’sproperlytranslatedas“wilfulmisconduct”wastranslatedonlyas“misconduct”bysoftware.Sincethelawrequiresconsiderablysevererpunishmentwhenthemisconductis“wilful”,theomission(省略)waspotentiallydisastrous.

Today,manytranslationfirmsareproudofusingMT,notasacrutch(依赖)butasameanstocutcostsandturnaroundtimes.Partoftheirjobbecomesknowingwhatcanbeautomatedandwhatcannot.InstructionmanualscanbelefttoMTwhileotherslikeanovellegalargumentcannot.

Thebadnewsforsometranslatorsisthatatapofrepeatable,easyworkisbeingturnedoff.Thegoodnewsisthatwhatremainswillbebrain-challengingstuffforpeoplewhoknowalanguageandsomethingelse.Talesofartificialintelligenceusuallyt