关联理论视域下《老友记》中言语幽默认知解读精要.doc
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毕业设计(论文)
题目: 关联理论视域下《老友记》中言语
幽默的认知解读
2012年6月
GRADUATION THESIS
(Grade 2008)
A RELEVANCE-THEORETICAL APPROACH
TO VERBAL HUMOR IN FRIENDS
关联理论视域下《老友记》中言语幽默的认知解读
摘要
幽默在社会交际中可以化解矛盾,增进友情,平添生活乐趣。“从幽默借助的主要交流媒介区分,幽默可以分为非言语幽默和言语幽默。非言语幽默指那些不需要借助语言工具向人们传递幽默信息的幽默手段。言语幽默是同幽默发出者、接受者、应用的语言形式,以及相关的语境密不可分。”本文主要对美国情景喜剧《老友记》中的言语幽默进行研究。
回顾以往对情景喜剧中幽默所做的研究,我们发现这些研究大多局限于语篇分析,外语教学、跨文化研究等领域。Sperber和Wilson在《关联性:交际与认知》中提出关联理论,该理论为幽默的理解提供了一个崭新的视角。本文尝试以Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论为框架,同时以情景喜剧《老友记》的剧本台词为语料来源,对曾风靡整个美国的情景喜剧《老友记》中的言语幽默进行分析和解读,通过对其幽默策略的分析,研究幽默的产生机制。研究方法主要是描述性研究。本文主要包括三个部分:第一部分介绍关联理论的一些重要概念,包括认知环境与互明,明示推理及关联原则。这些概念的阐述对理解本文的分析有重要作用。第二部分介绍理解和分析幽默产生策略的方法,这部分是第三部分的一个重要铺垫,只有理解了幽默产生的策略,才能理解第三部分的分析过程。第三部分详细描述了幽默产生的过程,同时总结出了幽默产生的分析模式。
关键词:关联理论;言语幽默; 幽默策略; 幽默效果
A RELEVANCE-THEORETICAL APPROACH TO
VERBAL HUMOR IN FRIENDS
ABSTRACT
The humor in social communication can resolve conflicts, promote friendship, and add the enjoyment to life. From the standpoint of the main communication medium, humor can be divided into non-verbal humor and verbal humor. Non-verbal humor means people transfer humor without languages. Verbal humor is concerned with the forms of language that the sender and recipient used, and context of communication. In this paper, the research aims at analyzing the verbal humor in the U.S. sitcom Friends .
Reviewing the past studies of the sitcom humor, we found that these studies are mostly confined to textual analysis, foreign language teaching, cross-cultural and other fields. Sperber and Wilson, in Relevance: Communication and Cognition, put forward the relevance theory. They provide a new perspective for the understanding of humor. This paper base on the theory and take the transcript of sitcom Friends as the data sources to analysis the verbal humor in the sitcom Friends which had swept throughout the United States. This paper mainly takes descriptive method and deals with the following three parts: The first part introduces the important concepts
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