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雅思英语基本句型.docx

发布:2017-12-14约4.4万字共20页下载文档
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前言在一些高级英语考试当中,如托福、雅思、GRE和GMAT中,动辄好几行的长句子难免让人感到头痛。本系列试图将构成长句子的各种因素逐一拆解,给大家一个清晰的思路,以使大家用最少的阅读次数读懂长句。需要大家注意的是,一个真正复杂的句子通常都是好几种语法结构的组合,所以,大家只有对每种情况都非常熟悉,才能确保思路不断。另外,文中所有的译文,都仅用来供大家核对自己的理解是否合理,而不是严格意义上的“翻译”。我们的目的是最好的理解,而不是最完美的翻译,毕竟翻译是另一门学问了。大量的阅读也是良好写作能力的基石,试想有哪个阅读量为零的人能写出漂亮的文章呢?因此大家在理解长句的基础上,应该设法把各种语法特点用在自己的写作过程之中。第一章 “先主后次”原则和介词短语后置汉语的表达思维通常是“先次后主”原则。如:关于石油的真正争议是它对挪威生活方式的威胁。1. The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.又如:研究这些新材料的关键在于研究人员与日俱增的在分子水平控制物质的能力。2. The key to the research of the new materials is researchers’ increasing ability tomanipulate substances at the molecular level.有时,修饰成分也可以被其他内容所修饰而成为被修饰成分,就产生了介词的接连出现,于是句子变长了。如:通过用某些超龄的驱逐舰交换在西半球的英国领地建设美军基地的权利,美国帮助了英国。3. The U.S. helped Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere.再如:年轻一代的教育的主要目的之一是为未来的市民配备他们在成年社会所需要的一 切。4. One of the chief aims of educations of the younger generation is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society.4名词后的介词短语通常用来修饰前面的名词,但要注意区分动词短语中的介词与起修饰作用的介词结构的区分,同时一些常用的名词/动词与介词的固定搭配也需要牢记,才能正确的应用到自己的作文中。后置定语练习:1. the research literature on left-handedness 2. nine out of ten people 3. a genetic or inherited element to handedness 4. about 6 per cent of children with two right-handed parents 5. off-spring with the same handedness 6. paralysis of the right half of their body.7. a brain researcher at the Australian National University in Canberra 8. fine control of movement 9. some capacity in the right hemisphere 10. the recovery of speech 11. her studies of macaque monkeys 12. a trend in monkeys towards the asymmetry 13. a clearer image of smaller and smaller objects 14. detailed imaging of the inner workings of cells 15. the invention of the ribbon machine by Corning in the 1920s 16. one of the great mechanical achievements of all time 17. a moving belt of steel 18. The secret of the versatility of glass 19. the atoms in t
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