英语学习——被动语态(用法+例句) ppt.pptx

Passive voice;Passive voice;一、被动语态的构成： 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。be动词要随着人称和数的变化而变化。规则动词的过去分词与动词的过去式一样直接加-ed ，不规则动词的过去分词有自己的特殊形式。被动语态的时态是通过be的变化来表示的。请看下列3种。;1.一般现在时： 主动：do/does We clean the classroom every day. Do Many people speak English in the world? 被动：be (am, is, are) +done (及物动词的过去分词) The classroom is cleaned every day. 每天都要打扫教室。 Is English spoken by many people in the world? 世界上好多人都要讲英语吗？;2.一般过去时： 主动：did The boy broke the window yesterday. Did they build the bridge last year? 被动：be的过去时（was, were）+done The window was broken by the boy yesterday. 昨天那个孩子把窗子打碎了。 Was the bridge built last year ( by them)? 这座桥是去年建的吗？;;4. 现在完成时 主动: have/ has done He has repaired my car. 被动： have/ has been done My car has been repaired ( by him). The party has been planned since last year. ;5.现在进行时 主动：am/ is / are doing They are discussing the question at the meeting. Their aunt is taking care of the children. 被动：am/is are being done The question is being discussed at the meeting. The children are being taken care of by their aunt.;6、含有情态动词的被动语态： 主动：情态动词(can, may, must, should, could, used to)+ do You can’t move the desks away 被动：情态动词(can, may, must, should, could, used to)+ be +done The desks can’t be moved away. 这些桌子不能被搬走。 Old people should be spoken to politely. 对老年人讲话要有礼貌。 注意：此时的do, does, did 和done(过去分词)必须是及物动词。不及物动词后无宾语，所以无法改为被动语态。;一般现在时：is / are + -ed 一般过去时：was / were + -ed 一般将来时：will be + -ed 过去将来时：would be + -ed 现在进行时：is / are being + -ed 过去进行时：was / were being + -ed 现在完成时：have(has) been + -ed 过去完成时：had been + ed;1. We are building a bridge over the river now. ?A bridge is being built over the river now. 2.We have built a bridge over the river now. ?A bridge has been built over the river now. 3.We will build a bridge over the river next year. ?A bridge will be built over the river next year. 4. We built a bridge over the river last year. ?A bridge was built over the river last year. 5. We should repair the stairs at once. ?The stairs should be repaired at once.;