文化翻译(讲义)-左飚..doc

文化翻译：理论与实践（讲义） 左 飚 翻译是跨文化交际活动，译者是文化中介人。 Translation is intercultural communication and the translator is a cultural mediator. 1、翻译是中介人 The Translator as a Mediator - The translator is a bilingual mediating agent between monolingual communication participants in two different language communities. George Steiner (1975) 译者是两个不同语言群体的单语交际者之间的双语中介人。 The translator is first and foremost a mediator between two parties for whom mutual communication might otherwise be problematic. Hatim and Mason (1990) 译者首先是两方的中介人，没有他，两方的交际会有困难。 2、翻译是文化中介人 The Translator as a Cultural Mediator - The translator is a cross-cultural specialist. （跨文化专家） Mary Snell-Hornby (1992) The translation operator is a cultural operator. Heuson and Martim (1991) （文化运作者） The translator is a cultural mediator. David Katan (2004) （文化中介人） In order to play the role of mediator, the translator has to be flexible in switching his cultural orientation. …Hence, a cultural mediator will have developed a high degree of intercultural sensitivity. Taft (1981) 译者如果想发挥（文化）中介人的作用，就必须灵活地转换自己的文化取向。……所以，文化中介人要培养高度的跨文化敏感性。 二、何谓文化翻译？What Is Cultural Translation? - Cultural translation is a translation in which the content of the message is changed to conform to the receptor culture in some way. Nida Taber 1969 文化翻译是对原文的信息内容加以某种改变使之符合译入语文化的翻译。 - Cultural translation refers to any translation which is sensitive to cultural as well as to linguistic factors. Such sensitivity might take the form either of presenting TL recipients with a transparent text which informs them about elements of the source culture, or of finding target items which may in some way be considered to be culturally “equivalent” to the ST items they are translating. Shuttleworth Cowie 2004 文化翻译是指任何不仅对语言成分而且对文化成分进行敏锐处理的翻译。这种敏锐处理表现为以明白易懂的译文向译入语读者介绍源语文化，或者在译入语中找到在某种程度上文化“对等”的成分。 Cultural translation refers to any translatio