8 电子传递与氧化磷酸化[精].ppt

* * * * * * * * * * Factors affecting oxidation phosphorylation Inhibitors Regulation by ADP Thyroid hormone Mitchondrial DNA mutation Inhibitors Inhibitors of respiratory chain e.g.rotenone、piericidin A and amobarbital, antimycin A, dimercaptopropanol (BAL) Uncoupler e.g.dinitrophenol，DNP Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation inhibiting both electron transport and ADP phosphorylation. e.g. oligomycin 电子传递受可用底物量和ADP量的调控。既无可氧化的底物又无ADP时为状态Ⅰ，加入ADP后为状态Ⅱ（无可用的底物），加入底物后为状态Ⅲ，ADP用完后为状态Ⅳ，再加入ADP后为状态Ⅲ，氧耗尽后为状态Ⅴ。 Regulation by ADP Thyroid Hormone Na+-K+ ATP enzyme ATP degradation ADP/ATP Oxidative phosphorylation Mitchondrial DNA Mutation Caused by relatively naked mitochondrial DNA Affecting oxidative phosphorylation lead to ATP decrease Symptoms are dependent on the different organs need for ATP,e.g DM、hypertension、 High cholesterol 、Mg++ downregulation Maternally inherited diseases ，Age-related Bioenergy is chemical energy, studied in terms of free energy and free energy change (?G ). ATP acts as the free energy carrier in cells. Bioenergy is mainly produced via stepwise electron flow (redox reactions) through a series of electron carriers having increasing levels of reduction potential (E). Electrons released from the oxidation of nutrient fuels are initially channeled to a few universal electron carriers (including NADH and FADH2). Summary Electrons collected in NADH and FADH2 are released (at different entering points) and transported to O2 via the respiratory chain, which consists of four multiprotein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) and two mobile electron carriers (ubiquinone and cytochrome c). The order of the many electron carriers on the respiratory chain have been elucidated via various studies, including measurements of the standard reduction potential and effects of various respiratory chain inhibitors. Electron transfer to O2 was found