the continuous wagon wheel illusion and the ‘when’ pathway of the right parietal lobe a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study连续马车轮幻觉和u201c当u201d途径右顶叶重复经颅磁刺激研究.pdf

The Continuous Wagon Wheel Illusion and the ‘When’ Pathway of the Right Parietal Lobe: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study Rufin VanRullen1,2, Alvaro Pascual-Leone3,4, Lorella Battelli3,5* ´ ´ ´ 1 Universite de Toulouse, CerCo, UPS, Toulouse, France, 2 CNRS, UMR5549, Faculte de Medecine de Rangueil, Toulouse, France, 3 Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Institut ´ ´ Guttmann de Neurorehabilitacio, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain, 5 Vision Sciences Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract A continuous periodic motion stimulus can sometimes be perceived moving in the wrong direction. These illusory reversals have been taken as evidence that part of the motion perception system samples its inputs as a series of discrete snapshots – although other explanations of the phenomenon have been proposed, that rely on the spurious activation of low-level motion detectors in early visual areas. We have hypothesized that the right inferior parietal lobe (‘when’ pathway) plays a critical role in timing perceptual events relative to one another, and thus we examined the role of the right parietal lobe in the generation of this ‘‘continuous Wagon Wheel Illusion’’ (c-WWI). Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that the illusion was effectively weakened following disruption of right, but not left, parietal regions by low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (1 Hz, 10 min). These results were independent of whether the motion stimulus