导航-四六级翻译.docx

导航四六级——翻译各位导航学员，以下为翻译预测内容，不用全部记忆，着重记忆核心词。导航祝同学们四六级顺利通过！1、儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。它出现在大约 2500 年前的春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period），是建立在夏、商、周朝的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立的完整观念体系（ideological system）。儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人性、政治、法律、教育、哲学、道德各个领域。儒家文化以人本哲学（humanistic philosophy）为依托，这表现在它对人类个体的尊敬、关注和热爱。总而言之，儒家文化是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分，是东方文化的代表，也是中国文化传统的中流砥柱。参考译文： Confucianism is the cornerstone of traditional Chinese culture. Founded about 2 500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucianism is a complete ideological system created by Confucius, based on the traditional culture of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties. It is extensive and profound, covering the fields of humanity, politics, law, education, philosophy and ethics. Confucian culture rests on humanistic philosophy, which is shown in its respect, attention to and love of human individuals. In brief, Confucian culture is an important component of world cultural heritage, a major representative of oriental culture, and the dominant facet of Chinese cultural tradition. 2、中国人的姓名有自己的传统和特点。与西方人不同，中国人的姓名是姓在前，名在后。名通常为1—2 个汉字。中国人的姓名传达特殊意义，名字往往表达对新生儿的美好祝愿。有一些名字暗示出生的地点、时间或自然现象，如晨(早晨)、冬(冬天)；有些体现希望具有某种美德，如忠(忠心)；其他则表达对生活的愿景，如健(健康)。如今中国共有 3500 个姓氏被普遍使用，使用最多的前三位是李、王、张。中国人有使用自己名字的平等权利，受法律保护。参考译文： The names of Chinese people have their own tradition and characteristics. Unlike westerners, the family name in China is put first, followed by the given name. The given name usually contains one or two Chinese characters. Chinese names convey special meaning, with the given names often expressing the best of wishes on the new-born. Some imply the birthplace, birth time or natural phenomenon, like Chen (morning), Dong (winter); Some embody the hope of virtue, like Zhong (faithful) while others express the wishes of life, like Jian (health). Together 3,500 family names are commonly used nowadays in China and the most popular three are Li, Wang and Zhang. All Chinese people have equal rights to use their own names, which are legally protected.3、笔、墨、纸、砚(inkstone)，就是人们所说的“文房