surface engineering for bone implants a trend from passive to active surfaces表面工程对骨植入这一趋势从被动到主动的表面.pdf

Coatings 2012, 2, 95-119; doi:10.3390/coatings2030095 OPEN ACCESS coatings ISSN 2079-6412 /journal/coatings/ Review Surface Engineering for Bone Implants: A Trend from Passive to Active Surfaces Ruggero Bosco, Jeroen Van Den Beucken, Sander Leeuwenburgh and John Jansen * Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands; E-Mails: r.bosco@dent.umcn.nl (R.B.); j.vandenbeucken@dent.umcn.nl (J.V.D.B.); s.leeuwenburgh@dent.umcn.nl (S.L.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: j.jansen@dent.umcn.nl; Tel.: +31-0-24-361-4006; Fax: +31-0-24-361-4657. Received: 15 May 2012; in revised form: 7 June 2012 / Accepted: 19 June 2012 / Published: 2 July 2012 Abstract: The mechanical and biological properties of bone implants need to be optimal to form a quick and firm connection with the surrounding environment in load bearing applications. Bone is a connective tissue composed of an organic collagenous matrix, a fine dispersion of reinforcing inorganic (calcium phosphate) nanocrystals, and bone-forming and -degrading cells. These different components have a synergistic and hierarchical structure that renders bone tissue properties unique in terms of hardness, flexibility and regenerative capacity. Metallic and polymeric materials offer mechanical strength and/or resilience that are required to simulate bone tissue in load-bearing applications in terms of maximum loa