β-carboline compounds, including harmine, inhibit dyrk1a and tau phosphorylation at multiple alzheimers disease-related sitesβ-carboline化合物,包括骆驼蓬碱,抑制dyrk1a和τ磷酸化在多个阿尔茨海默疾病相关网站.pdf

b-Carboline Compounds, Including Harmine, Inhibit DYRK1A and Tau Phosphorylation at Multiple Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Sites 1,4 1,4 2 2 3 Danielle Frost , Bessie Meechoovet , Tong Wang , Stephen Gately , Marco Giorgetti , Irina Shcherbakova3, Travis Dunckley1,4* 1 Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America, 2 Translational Drug Development, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America, 3 MediProPharma, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, 4 Arizona Alzheimer’s Research Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America Abstract Harmine, a b-carboline alkaloid, is a high affinity inhibitor of the dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) protein. The DYRK1A gene is located within the Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR) on chromosome 21. We and others have implicated DYRK1A in the phosphorylation of tau protein on multiple sites associated with tau pathology in Down Syndrome and in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pharmacological inhibition of this kinase may provide an opportunity to intervene therapeutically to alter the onset or progression of tau pathology in AD. Here we test the ability of harmine, and numerous additional b-carboline compounds, to inhibit the DYRK1A dependent phosphorylation of tau protein on serine 396, serine 262/serine 356 (12E8 epitope), and threonine 231 in cell culture assays and in vitro phosphorylation assays. Results demonstrate that the b-carboline compounds (1) potently reduce the expression of all three phosphorylated forms of tau protein, and (2) inhibit the DYRK1A catalyze