2016-2017学年高中英语 Module 4 Carnival Section 3 Grammar课件 外研版必修5.ppt

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 被动语态 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 当主语为动作执行者即施动者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者即受动者时，动词用被动语态。 一、被动语态的构成 　被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。 　被动语态可用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。 二、主动形式表示被动意义 1．英语中有很多动词，如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，wear，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常常和easily，well等副词连用。 The pen he bought yesterday writes smoothly. 他昨天买的这支钢笔书写流畅。 —What about the books？——这些书怎么样？ —Books of this kind sell well.——这种书很畅销。 2．表示感受、感官的系动词如feel，sound，taste，look等，后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。 3．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词及形容词worth的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house his grandmother lives in needs repairing/to be repaired. 他祖母住的房子需要维修。 The picture book is well worth reading. 这本图画书非常值得一读。 三、主动表示被动的句式 　在“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，不定式的主动形式可表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 This problem is difficult to work out. 这道题很难计算出。 As you know，Chinese is difficult to learn，especially for a foreigner. 正如你所知，汉语难学，尤其是对一个外国人来说。 四、get/remain＋动词的过去分词 　Many people’s names got changed in the rush. 很多人的名字在匆忙之中被改了。 You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil. 你有可能被烫伤，也可能会打翻装着热油的锅。 Please remain seated until the bus stops completely. 请坐着直到公共汽车完全停止。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The children____________________(take) good care of by the nurse now. 答案：　are being taken 2．The man was walking about outside the operation room，because his son________________(operate) on. 答案：　was being operated 3．The big tree________________(blow) down in the storm last night. 答案：　was blown 4．Good medicine________________(taste) bitter. 答案：　tastes 5．Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge？It will____________(stay) fresh for several days. 答案：　stay 6．________the film________________(show) many times since last Sunday? 答案：　Has；been shown 7．All the tickets________________(sell out) when they arrived. 答案：　had been sold out 8．The poem________(read) smoothly. 答案：　reads 9．They_____________